Sometimes, reducing the VHD size or "compacting" it can clear structural inconsistencies. Repair Corrupt VHD File With Flawless Solution - RepairKB
Click > Attach VHD and browse for your corrupted file.
Repairing a corrupted VHD is never guaranteed. Mitigation is superior to repair.
Before attempting a repair, it is vital to understand the nature of the corruption.
If a VHD is corrupted because the "footer" (the last 511 bytes of the file) is missing or damaged, the system will not recognize it as a valid disk.