Text in large, golden letters:
Philip Kotler defines marketing as a social and managerial process by which individuals and organizations obtain what they need and want through creating and exchanging value with others. Unlike traditional views that equate marketing solely with selling or advertising, Kotler emphasizes that marketing starts long before a product is created. It begins with identifying customer needs and ends with building long-term, profitable relationships. The Five-Step Marketing Process principles of marketing by philip kotler ppt
Understanding the Marketplace and Customer Needs: Examining needs (deprivation), wants (shaped by culture), and demands (backed by buying power). Text in large, golden letters: Philip Kotler defines
The Lost Bakery & The 4 P’s
“My croissants are $4,” Maya says. “The supermarket sells them for $1.” Kotler smiles. “But what value do you give? The supermarket croissant is cardboard. Yours is buttery, Instagrammable, and smells like heaven. Reduce their non-monetary costs : time, effort, risk.” “But what value do you give