Wireshark uses the Npcap driver (a rewrite of WinPcap) to capture raw frames.
This paper provides a systematic review of available monitoring methodologies specific to Windows 11, noting changes from Windows 10 (e.g., updated network stack, default privacy settings, and Microsoft Defender integration). traffic monitor windows 11
A tool that bridges the gap. It captures packets but automatically parses them to extract files, images, and credentials (for insecure protocols), presenting a higher-level view than Wireshark. Wireshark uses the Npcap driver (a rewrite of