Gurmukhi Numerals ((link)) -
The Gurmukhi script, an essential part of the Punjabi language, has a rich history and unique characteristics. One of the fascinating aspects of the Gurmukhi script is its numeral system, which is used to represent numbers. In this essay, we will explore the Gurmukhi numerals, their history, and significance.
Some of the Gurmukhi numerals and their values are represented as:
| Value | Gurmukhi Numeral | Punjabi Name (Transliteration) | |-------|-----------------|---------------------------------| | 0 | ੦ | ਸਿਫ਼ਰ (sifar) | | 1 | ੧ | ਇੱਕ (ikk) | | 2 | ੨ | ਦੋ (do) | | 3 | ੩ | ਤਿੰਨ (tinn) | | 4 | ੪ | ਚਾਰ (chaar) | | 5 | ੫ | ਪੰਜ (panj) | | 6 | ੬ | ਛੇ (chhe) | | 7 | ੭ | ਸੱਤ (satt) | | 8 | ੮ | ਅੱਠ (atth) | | 9 | ੯ | ਨੌਂ (naun) | gurmukhi numerals
In modern times, the use of Gurmukhi numerals has largely been confined to ceremonial and symbolic purposes. With the increasing use of the Hindu-Arabic numeral system in everyday life and education, the practical application of Gurmukhi numerals has declined. However, efforts are being made to preserve this aspect of Punjabi cultural heritage.
(TDIL), DeitY, MoCIT, Government of India. * OHWR Benchmark Dataset 459. * 141 156 172 188 204 223. * Lower Zone stroke set. * 122... ResearchGate Architecture of CNN for classification of offline Gurmukhi handwritten... Context in source publication ... ... proposed CNN architectures for offline Gurmukhi HCNR system are shown in Figure 2 and Figure... ResearchGate Offline Handwritten Gurmukhi Numeral Recognition using Wavelet ... Abstract. This paper presents an OCR (optical character recognition) system for the handwritten Gurmukhi numerals. A lot of work h... ResearchGate Gurmukhi Characters used in this work - ResearchGate Context in source publication ... ... Gurmukhi script was devised by the first Sikh guru, Guru Nanak ji , during 16th century and ... ResearchGate Gurmukhi - Wikipedia Gurmukhī (Punjabi: ਗੁਰਮੁਖੀ [ˈɡʊɾᵊmʊkʰiː], Shahmukhi: گُرمُکھی) is an abugida developed from the Laṇḍā scripts, standardized and us... Wikipedia A Benchmark Gurmukhi Handwritten Character Dataset Jan 19, 2026 — The Gurmukhi script, an essential part of the
Gurmukhi numerals are characterized by their rounded, fluid strokes. Many learners find the number and 7 (੭) easy to confuse with other scripts. Interestingly, the number 1 (੧) is perhaps the most iconic symbol in Sikhism, as it forms the beginning of the Ik Onkar (ੴ), representing the oneness of God. 2. Standard Decimal Logic
Ordinal numbers (first, second) are formed by adding the suffix -ਵਾਂ (-vaaň) to the cardinal number with slight modifications: ੧st = ਪਹਿਲਾ (pehla), ੨nd = ਦੂਜਾ (dooja), ੩rd = ਤੀਜਾ (teeja). From 4 onward, it's regular: ਚੌਥਾ (chautha - 4th), ਪੰਜਵਾਂ (panjvaaň - 5th). Some of the Gurmukhi numerals and their values
Today, a Punjabi speaker in Amritsar or Lahore will almost universally write "2024" using Arabic numerals (2,0,2,4) rather than Gurmukhi (੨੦੨੪). Why?
The Gurmukhi script itself originated in the 16th century, devised by Guru Angad Dev, the second Sikh Guru, as a modified form of the Landa script. The motivation behind creating a new script was to simplify the reading and writing of Punjabi, making it more accessible for the masses and for religious texts, particularly the Guru Granth Sahib. As part of this script, Gurmukhi numerals were developed to provide a coherent and systematic way of representing numbers.
These numerals were the workhorses of Punjabi commerce for centuries. Land deeds ( patts ), loan records ( bahi khatas ), and royal decrees were inscribed with Gurmukhi numbers. Significantly, they also appear in handwritten bir s (volumes) of the Guru Granth Sahib for numbering pages and verses, giving them a sacred dimension.
