Endocytosis is the process of taking materials into the cell by folding the membrane inward to create a vesicle.
For a more accessible yet scientifically accurate paper:
(2019) Journal: Essays in Biochemistry (Volume 63, Issue 3) Key quote: “Active transport enables the movement of solutes against their electrochemical gradient (from low to high concentration) using energy, typically from ATP hydrolysis or an electrochemical gradient of another ion.” active transport low to high
Author(s): Lodish, H., et al. (often in Molecular Cell Biology textbook or review articles in Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology ).
Symport: Both molecules move in the same direction. An example is the glucose-sodium symporter, which uses the flow of sodium to bring glucose into the cell. Endocytosis is the process of taking materials into
A helpful paper for understanding is:
To understand active transport, one must visualize the concentration gradient as a hill. Symport: Both molecules move in the same direction
For a transport to be classified as "active" (Low to High), it requires three distinct elements: